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Abnormal Labor

Etiology​

  • Abnormal contractions.
  • Abnormal birth canal.
  • Abnormal fetus.

Clinical Presentation​

  • Mother:
    • Exhaustion.
    • Weak or excessive uterine contractions.
    • Cervical edema or slow progress.
    • Delayed or stalled descent of the presenting part.
  • Fetus: